When a temperature difference is applied across two joined metals, a
thermoelectromotive force (potential difference) is generated between
the two ends.
A thermocouple is a temperature sensor that utilizes this Seebeck effect.
The thermoelectromotive force (VOUT)
differs depending on the type of metal used, and the relationship between
temperature difference and thermoelectromotive force is nonlinear.
IEC 60584-1/JIS C1602 specifies the relationship between the temperature
difference (TH - TC)
and the thermoelectromotive force (VOUT)
when TC = 0℃.